KONVERGENSI AI, HUMAN CAPITAL, DAN EFISIENSI EKONOMI: PERSPEKTIF TEORETIS MANAJEMEN SDM TERKINI
Keywords:
Kecerdasan Buatan, Human Capital, Efisiensi Ekonomi, Manajemen SDMAbstract
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has influenced various aspects of human resource (HR) management, from recruitment, training, to performance evaluation. This article aims to theoretically examine the convergence between AI, human capital, and economic efficiency in the context of contemporary HR management. The method used is a literature study of recent scientific publications related to these topics. The results show that the integration of AI in HR management can improve operational efficiency and decision-making effectiveness, but still requires strengthening human capital capacity to be adaptive to technological changes. This article emphasizes that the success of HR management in the digital era depends on the synergy between smart technology and sustainable human capital development. Therefore, AI-based HR strategies need to be designed with human-centered principles to ensure increased productivity as well as organizational sustainability.
Perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah memengaruhi berbagai aspek manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM), mulai dari rekrutmen, pelatihan, hingga evaluasi kinerja. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara teoretis konvergensi antara AI, human capital, dan efisiensi ekonomi dalam konteks manajemen SDM kontemporer. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur terhadap publikasi ilmiah terbaru terkait topik-topik tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi AI dalam pengelolaan SDM dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan efektivitas pengambilan keputusan, namun tetap memerlukan penguatan kapasitas human capital agar adaptif terhadap perubahan teknologi. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan manajemen SDM di era digital sangat bergantung pada sinergi antara teknologi cerdas dan pengembangan human capital yang berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, strategi SDM berbasis AI perlu dirancang dengan prinsip human-centered untuk memastikan peningkatan produktivitas sekaligus keberlanjutan organisasi.
References
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.
Brougham, D., & Haar, J. (2018). Smart technology, artificial intelligence, robotics, and algorithms (STARA): Employees’ perceptions of our future workplace. Journal of Management & Organization, 24(2), 239–257. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2016.55
Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies. W. W. Norton & Company.
Deloitte. (2023). 2023 global human capital trends: New fundamentals for a boundaryless world. https://www2.deloitte.com
Harvard Business Review. (2022, August). How AI is changing HR departments. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org
Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the future of work: Human–AI symbiosis in organizational decision making. Business Horizons, 61(4), 577–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.03.007
Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. (2023). Strategi nasional kecerdasan artifisial (Stranas KA). https://kominfo.go.id
McKinsey & Company. (2022). The state of AI in 2022—and a half decade in review. https://www.mckinsey.com
McKinsey Global Institute. (2022). The future of work after COVID-19. https://www.mckinsey.com
World Economic Forum. (2023). The future of jobs report 2023. https://www.weforum.org
Yudhistira, M. H., Irani, F. N., & Laksana, G. (2023). Digital literacy and labor market outcomes in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Economics, 86, 101554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2023.101554
Zamroni, A., & Prasetyo, W. (2023). AI adoption in SMEs: Opportunities and challenges in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship (IJBE), 9(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.17358/ijbe.9.1.45